Tag: AP Style
HAWC · HIR Academic Writing Contest · Independent Student Guide
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Your Best Evidence Is in Chinese: Translating, Naming and Attributing Non-English Sources in an HIR Essay
Your strongest evidence may be in Chinese. How to translate, romanize and attribute non-English sources in an AP-style HIR essay without losing points at the language boundary. Read article →
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AP Style for International Affairs: The Rules That Actually Cost HIR Points
Style is 30 of the 60 points. A working reference to the AP conventions that decide them in a global-affairs essay: numbers, dates, names, second reference and punctuation. Read article →
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The Words That Do Not Count: Using Diagrams and Data Tables Inside the 800-1,200 Word HIR Limit
The official rule excludes diagrams, tables of data and the authorship declaration from the 800-1,200 word count. How to use that space without turning your essay into decoration. Read article →
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Citing Sources in an AP-Style HIR Essay: Attribution Without Footnotes, Inside 1,200 Words (2026)
AP Style has no footnotes, so HIR essays cite in the sentence. How in-text attribution works, building a lean reference list, and the citation mistakes that cost credibility. Read article →
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From First Draft to 60-Point-Ready: An HIR Essay Revision System for Non-Native Writers (2026)
A five-pass revision protocol for ESL students: fix structure, sharpen analysis, clean AP Style and US spelling, and stay on the right side of HIR's AI ban. Read article →